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工信部：预计2022年规模以上工业增加值同比增长3.6%******
中新网1月11日电 据工信部微信公众号消息，1月11日，全国工业和信息化工作会议在北京召开。工业和信息化部党组书记、部长金壮龙出席会议并讲话。部党组成员、副部长，国家国防科技工业局局长张克俭主持会议。
会议指出，工业经济总体回稳向好。预计2022年全年，规模以上工业增加值同比增长3.6%，其中制造业增加值增长3.1%左右；制造业增加值占GDP比重为28%，比上年提高0.5个百分点。国防科技工业、烟草行业保持较快增长。
重点领域创新取得新突破。C919大型客机实现全球首架交付，国产10万吨级大型渔业养殖工船成功交付，腹腔镜手术机器人等高端医疗装备填补国内空白，国产四人雪车等冰雪装备实现“零”的突破，关键材料应用水平不断提升，中国空间站全面建成，第三艘航母“福建舰”下水。
产业链供应链韧性和安全水平持续提升。协同推进受疫情影响企业复工达产取得显著成效，战略性矿产资源保障得到加强，新冠疫苗、药物等重点医疗物资供应保障有力有效。重点产业链强链补链有序开展，实施一批产业基础再造工程项目。创建45个国家级先进制造业集群。成功举办产业链供应链韧性与稳定国际论坛。
中小企业高质量发展取得新进展。累计培育专精特新中小企业7万多家、“小巨人”企业8997家、制造业单项冠军企业1186家。加力帮扶中小微企业纾困解难，涉企违规收费专项整治行动、防范和化解拖欠中小企业账款专项行动成效明显。中小企业服务体系持续完善。成功举办全国专精特新中小企业发展大会。
制造业高端化智能化绿色化发展步伐加快。1—11月，高技术制造业增加值增长8%，装备制造业增加值增长6.2%。新能源汽车产销量突破650万辆，整车出口创历史新高。国内光伏新增和累计装机容量连续多年居全球首位。传统产业加快改造提升，质量品牌建设深入推进，工业领域及重点行业碳达峰方案印发实施，智能制造应用规模和水平进入全球领先行列。
信息通信业快速发展。预计2022年全年电信业务总量同比增长8%。新型信息基础设施建设、互联网平台和APP治理、防范治理电信网络诈骗等成效显著。累计建成开通5G基站超过230万个，新型数据中心建设成效明显。中小微企业宽带和专线平均资费降低超过10%。数据安全管理体系初步建立，电磁空间安全保障得到加强。圆满完成重大活动通信服务、网络安全、无线电安全等保障任务。我国成功连任国际电联理事国。(中新财经)
中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎） [责编：天天中] 阅读剩余全文（）  视觉焦点
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